Nanoimprint is classified into two types according to the difference in moulding method. Thermoplastic nanoimprint utilizes temperature and pressure controls with thermoplastic materials. Photo nanoimprint utilizes light irradiation with photo-curable materials. The hot-embossing process, a conventional technique, is a similar fabrication process to the thermoplastic nanoimprint. In some cases, hot-embossing and nanoimprint are distinguished through the moulding processes to form bulk film materials and thin-film materials on a substrate, respectively.